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|area_code = 405 |elevation_ft = 1201 |coordinates_display = display=inline,title |latd= 35 |latm= 28 |lats= 56 |latNS=N |longd= 97 |longm= 32 |longs= 06 |longEW=W |elevation_m = 366 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 40-55000 |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 1102140 |website = (City of Oklahoma City ) |footnotes = }} Oklahoma City is the capital and largest city of the state of Oklahoma. The county seat of Oklahoma County,〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=June 7, 2011 )〕 the city ranks 27th among United States cities in population. The population grew following the 2010 Census, with the population estimated to have increased to 620,602 as of July 2014.〔 As of 2014, the Oklahoma City metropolitan area had a population of 1,322,429, and the Oklahoma City-Shawnee Combined Statistical Area had a population of 1,459,758 (Chamber of Commerce) residents,〔 making it Oklahoma's largest metropolitan area. Oklahoma City's city limits extend into Canadian, Cleveland, and Pottawatomie counties, though much of those areas outside of the core Oklahoma County area are suburban or rural (watershed). The city ranks as the eighth-largest city in the United States by land area (including consolidated city-counties; it is the largest city in the United States by land area whose government is not consolidated with that of a county or borough). Oklahoma City, lying in the Great Plains region, features one of the largest livestock markets in the world.〔Knapp, Adam. (Stockyards City district ) at About.com (Retrieved April 29, 2010)〕 Oil, natural gas, petroleum products and related industries are the largest sector of the local economy. The city is situated in the middle of an active oil field and oil derricks dot the capitol grounds. The federal government employs large numbers of workers at Tinker Air Force Base and the United States Department of Transportation's Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center (these two sites house several offices of the Federal Aviation Administration and the Transportation Department's (Enterprise Service Center ), respectively). Oklahoma City is on the I-35 Corridor and is one of the primary travel corridors into neighboring Texas and Mexico. Located in the Frontier Country region of the state, the city's northeast section lies in an ecological region known as the Cross Timbers. The city was founded during the Land Run of 1889, and grew to a population of over 10,000 within hours of its founding. The city was the scene of the April 19, 1995 bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building, in which 168 people died. It was the deadliest terror attack in the history of the United States until the attacks of September 11, 2001, and remains the deadliest act of domestic terrorism in U.S. history. Since the time weather records have been kept, Oklahoma City has been struck by nine strong tornadoes: eight F/EF4s and one F5.〔 ==History== (詳細はUnassigned Lands" was opened for settlement in an event known as "The Land Run".〔Wilson, Linda D. "(Oklahoma City )," (Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture ). Retrieved January 26, 2010.〕 Some 10,000 homesteaders settled the area that would become the capital of Oklahoma. The town grew quickly; the population doubled between 1890 and 1900.〔Wilson. (Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture )〕 Early leaders of the development of the city included Anton Classen, John Shartel, Henry Overholser and James W. Maney. By the time Oklahoma was admitted to the Union in 1907, Oklahoma City had surpassed Guthrie, the territorial capital, as the population center and commercial hub of the new state. Soon after, the capital was moved from Guthrie to Oklahoma City.〔Curtis, Gene. ("Only in Oklahoma: State capital location was a fight to the finish" ), ''Tulsa World''. Retrieved February 4, 2010.〕 Oklahoma City was a major stop on Route 66 during the early part of the 20th century; it was prominently mentioned in Bobby Troup's 1946 jazz classic, "(Get Your Kicks on) Route 66", later made famous by artist Nat King Cole. Before World War II, Oklahoma City developed major stockyards, attracting jobs and revenue formerly in Chicago and Omaha, Nebraska. With the 1928 discovery of oil within the city limits (including under the State Capitol), Oklahoma City became a major center of oil production.〔(Oklahoma Oil: Past, Present and Future )〕 Post-war growth accompanied the construction of the Interstate Highway System, which made Oklahoma City a major interchange as the convergence of I-35, I-40 and I-44. It was also aided by federal development of Tinker Air Force Base. In 1950, the Census Bureau reported city's population as 8.6% black and 90.7% white.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=U.S. Census Bureau )〕 Patience Latting was elected Mayor of Oklahoma City in 1971, becoming the city's first female mayor. Latting was also the first woman to serve as mayor of a U.S. city with over 350,000 residents.〔 As with many other American cities, center city population declined in the 1970s and 1980s as families followed newly constructed highways to move to newer housing in nearby suburbs. Urban renewal projects in the 1970s, including the Pei Plan, removed many older historic structures but failed to spark much new development, leaving the city dotted with vacant lots used for parking. A notable exception was the city's construction of the Myriad Gardens and Crystal Bridge, a botanical garden and modernistic conservatory in the heart of downtown. Architecturally significant historic buildings lost to clearances were the Criterion Theater,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.okchistory.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=63:preservingabout&catid=44:about-the-criterion-group&Itemid=84 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Criterion Group, main page )〕 the Baum Building,〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=OKCHistory.org )〕 the Hales Building,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://okhistory.org/research/hillerman/results.php?mapnoinput=2a&action=Search )〕〔Lackmeyer and Money, pp. 20, 42.〕 and the Biltmore Hotel.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=OKCHistory.org )〕 In 1993, the city passed a massive redevelopment package known as the Metropolitan Area Projects (MAPS), intended to rebuild the city's core with civic projects to establish more activities and life to downtown. The city added a new baseball park; central library; renovations to the civic center, convention center and fairgrounds; and a water canal in the Bricktown entertainment district. Water taxis transport passengers within the district, adding color and activity along the canal. MAPS has become one of the most successful public-private partnerships undertaken in the U.S., exceeding $3 billion in private investment as of 2010.〔(Metropolitan Area Projects ), Greater Oklahoma City Chamber. Retrieved February 5, 2010.〕 As a result of MAPS, the population living in downtown housing has exponentially increased, together with demand for additional residential and retail amenities, such as grocery, services, and shops. Since the MAPS projects' completion, the downtown area has seen continued development. Several downtown buildings are undergoing renovation/restoration. Notable among these was the restoration of the Skirvin Hotel in 2007. The famed First National Center is being renovated. Residents of Oklahoma City suffered substantial losses on April 19, 1995 when Timothy McVeigh detonated a bomb in front of the Murrah building. The building was destroyed (the remnants of which had to be imploded in a controlled demolition later that year), more than 100 nearby buildings suffered severe damage, and 168 people were killed. The site has been commemorated as the Oklahoma City National Memorial and Museum. Since its opening in 2000, over three million people have visited. Every year on April 19, survivors, families and friends return to the memorial to read the names of each person lost. The "Core-to-Shore" project was created to relocate I-40 one mile (1.6 km) south and replace it with a boulevard to create a landscaped entrance to the city.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Core to Shore] at [http://www.okc.gov/ City of Oklahoma City )〕 This also allows the central portion of the city to expand south and connect with the shore of the Oklahoma River. Several elements of "Core to Shore" were included in the MAPS 3 proposal approved by voters in late 2009. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Oklahoma City」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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